熊河水库浮游植物群落结构的周年变化

Annual dynamics of phytoplankton abundance and community structure in the Xionghe Reservoir

自2007年5月至2008年4月对湖北省枣阳市熊河水库的浮游植物群落进行调查和分析。调查共发现浮游植物49属74种,绿藻在种类组成上占绝对优势,共40种,其次为蓝藻,有15种,硅藻11种,甲藻3种,金藻和裸藻各2种,隐藻仅1种。蓝藻存在夏季(7月)高峰,优势种为卷曲鱼腥藻(Anabaena circinalis);硅藻、隐藻和甲藻均存在一个春季(3或4月)高峰,优势种分别为双头针杆藻(Synedra amphicephala)、羽纹脆杆藻(Fragilaria pinnata)、卵形隐藻(Cryptomonas ovata)和二角多甲藻(Peridinium bipes)。Simpson多样性指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数的年平均值分别是0.60、2.20、0.76和1.15。多样性指数和均匀度指数具有明显的季节变化规律,但无明显的空间分布规律。

In this study, phytoplankton abundance and community structure were investigated and analyzed from May 2007 to April 2008 in the Xionghe Reservoir, which is located in the Hubei Province of China. A total of 74 phytoplankton species, belonging to 49 genera were identified, consisting of 40 species of green algae, 15 species of blue-green algae, 11 species of diatoms, 3 species of dinoflagellates, 2 species of both golden algae and euglenoids, and only 1 species of cryptomonad. Blue-green algae peaked in July, dominant by Anabaena circinalis. Diatoms, the cryptomonad and dinoflagellates peaked in March, April, April, respectively. Dominant species of diatoms were Synedra amphicephala and Fragilaria pinnata, while that of the cryptomonad and dinoflagellates were Cryptomonas ovata and Peridinium bipes, respectively. The annual average values of diversity indices （D, H＇）, evenness （J） and abundance （Dm） of phytoplankton were 0.60, 2.20, 0.76, 1.15, respectively. The annual variations of diversity indices （D, H＇） and evenness （J） of phytoplankton showed a clear seasonal pattern, but no clear spatial pattern.