浙江省家蚕新品种选育科研投资收益的定量评价

Quantitative Assessment on Research Investment Return of Silkworm Breeding in Zhejiang Province

引用农业科研投资收益计量模型,对浙江省1981-2005年家蚕新品种选育的科研投资收益进行定量评价。结果表明,浙江省在此期间对家蚕新品种选育研究投资所获得的经济收益达4 164.8万元(以1981年为基期),投资的内部收益率为35.09%,远高于全社会投资项目基准收益率8%,总体投资收益十分显著。然而在具体的投资收益流中,由于2000年以后没有选育出经济性状具有突破性改进的新品种在生产上推广应用,因而其投资收益逐年大幅下降,从2000年的197.02万元下降到2005年的64.83万元。根据评价结果,提出了加大科研投资力度、加快育种材料和育种手段与方法的创新、深化家蚕育种体制改革和激发育种人员积极性等政策性建议。

The present work has attempted to assess the impact of research investment in silkworm breeding in Zhejiang Province within the years of 1981 to 2005 using DREAM model. The results revealed that the total economic benefits is 41. 648 million Yuan and the internal rate of return （IRR） is 35.09% which is much higher than the average return rate （8%） from social gross investment. But after the year of 2000, the benefit has sharply dropped from 1. 970 2 million Yuan to 0. 6483 million Yuan because very few new varieties had been obtained and distributed. Based on these results, it is suggested that measures and policies should be employed to increase amount of research investment, to speed up innovations in breeding materials and technology, to reform the research system for silkworm breeding and to inspire initiatives of the breeders.