钦州市2000～2006年新生儿破伤风流行病学调查分析

An epidemiology survey and analysis of neonatal tetanus in Qinzhou city from 2000 to 2006

目的了解钦州市新生儿破伤风（NNT）疫情现状和影响因素,为制定有效控制措施提供科学依据。方法收集2000-2006年钦州市NNT疫情年报资料,采用描述性流行病学方法分析NNT疫情及有关影响因素。结果2000-2006年钦州市累计报告NNT病例192例（男155例,女37例）,死亡17例,病死率为8.85%。7年的发病趋势相对稳定,病死率呈递减趋势。在192例病例中,在家中出生的占94.27%;未经过培训的人员接生的占86.46%。产前做检查的占32.29%。母亲怀孕期接种过破伤风类毒素（TT）的30例（15.63%）。结论推广新法接生,加强健康教育,对育龄期妇女实行TT接种,是控制NNT的主要措施。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of neonatal tetanus （NNT） in Qinzhou city so as to provide scientific evidences for taking available prevention and control measures. Methods The data of NNT epidemic condition and influencing factors collected from annual reports from 2000 to 2006 were analyzed by epidemiological description Results 192 cases （males 155, females 37） of NNT were accumulative reported from 2000 to 2006 in Qinzhou city. 17 cases died, the mortality was 8.85 %. The prevalence trend was relative stable, the mortality tended to decline. Of 192 cases, 94.27% patients were delivered at home, 86.46 % delivered a child by midwife without trainig, only 32.29 % patients accepted check - up before labor and 15.63 % had been administered vaccine with tetanus toxoid during pregnancy. Conclusions The influencing factors of NNT were unscientific delivery and non- vaccination with tetanus toxoid. Popularizing a new accouche method, strengthening health education and women of childbearing age receiving vaccination with tetanus toxoid are all important measures for reducing incidence of NNT.