清末地方教育经费筹措与管理中所面临的困境——以四川巴县小学堂为个案研究

Trouble in Educational Fund raising and its Management in the Late Qing Dynasty——A Case Study of Bayi Elementary School in Sichuan

在清末推广新式学堂的兴学活动中,清政府对于地方乡镇制定了利用地方公款兴办地方学堂的方针。但在具体的筹款办学里,围绕着所筹地方公款应用于学堂还是地方其他公务等问题上,学董与地方里总监保之间展开了无休止的纷争,致使所筹款项难以成为学款,从而阻碍了学务的推广。政府为维护原有传统习惯而实行的"官不经手"原则,是导致这种困境的重要原因。

In the popularization of new schools at the end of Qing dynasty, central government set a policy that local fund could be used for local education. However, there appeared endless disputes over the raised fund should be used for education or other public affairs between the director of school and local official. As a result, the raised fund could hardly be put into education, hindering the promotion of new schools. The principle applied to preserve old custom and institutions ultimately led to this hard situation.