规范空间的逻辑与契约论的局限

The Logic of Norm Space and the Limits of Contract Theory

规则理性不同于个体理性,契约论者与契约至上论者也分别拥有各自不同的理性概念。由相近规范原则所构成的规范空间有着自身的逻辑特征。基于上述诸种基本区分,本文指出,传统契约理论存在着如下缺陷:混淆了规范原则与规范有效性,没有能够区分契约得以可能的逻辑条件与规范空间得以可能的逻辑条件。因此,契约论面临着从个体理性达致规则理性的困难,它更多地沦为规范有效性的一种解释机制而非辩护机制。

Rationality of rule is different from that rationality of individual action. Contractarianism and contractualism don＇t share the same conception of reason. The norm space formed by those similar principles has its own logic characteristics. Based on all distinctions above, this paper hopes to bring to light the fact that one shortcoming of contract theory is that it confuses badly the concept of normative principles with that of normativity. It fails to distinguish the logic conditions for the contract action with the logic conditions for the norms space. Viewing the big problem that rationality of rule can＇t be derived from rationality of individual action, this paper comes to the conclusion that the contractual device is more explanatory than justificative.