玉米优势类群划分及其杂交模式的研究——过氧化物酶、酯酶和醇溶蛋白多态性的聚类分析

A Study on Heterotic Groups amongMaize Inbred Lines and Heterotic Patterns——Cluster Analysis for Polymorphism of Peroxidase,Esterase and Alcohelsoluble Zein

选用３６个优良玉米自交系，组配了３００个杂交种（其中７８个杂交种为１３个自交系按完全双列杂交设计组配），利用过氧化物酶、酯酶和醇溶蛋白多态性的综合分析，划分了我国玉米的优势类群，所得结果与材料的血缘和育种实践高度吻合。研究结果表明，我国的优势杂交模式为美国杂交种选系×四平头系等六类，综合遗传距离与特殊配合力和杂种产量的关系均为抛物线关系，相关系数分别为０．６３２＊＊和０．６７１＊＊。还对优势类群在育种上的利用提供了参考意见。

Thirty six elite maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines were used to make 300 hybrids,among which 78 were created with dialled crossed by using 13 inbred lines.On the basis of comprehensive genetic analysis of polymorphism of peroxidase,esterase and zein,the inbred lines were classified into several heterotic groups.And the cluster analysis result was highly correlated with parentage of the materials and the breeding practice.The heterotic patterns in China were found to belong to 6 hecterotic patterns,such as the pattern of the American hybrid selected lines × Sipingtou linesetc.Parabolic correlations between comprehensive D2 and hybrid yield or special combining ability were found,with the correlation coefficients being 0.632**and 0.671**,respectively.The utilization of heterotic groups in breeding was also discussed.