拯救与回归的呼唤——纪录片《幼儿园》中的儿童观探析

The Call of Saving and Return——An Analysis of Views of Children in the Documentary Kindergarten

纪录片《幼儿园》表现出这样的儿童观：“听话的儿童”才是好儿童；儿童是知识的容器；儿童是单纯的个体。这种从成人世界出发的儿童观不能真实反映儿童的天性，会使儿童难以感受到原本该有的童年生活乐趣。因此，需要回归到尊重儿童天性的儿童观。拯救与回归的起点是充分了解儿童，考虑其学习兴趣，改变他们在教育教学活动中的从属、被认识、被塑造、被控制的地位，以便儿童积极主动地建构自己的世界，实现其天性的回归。

The views of children in the documentary Kindergarten go as follows： ＂The obedient children＂ are good; children are knowledge containers; children are the simple individuals. This kind of views starting from the adult world can not truly reflect the nature of children, which will make it difficult for children to feel some original fun of childhood. Therefore, we need to return to the views of children respecting children＇s nature. The starting point of saving and return is to fully understand the children, to consider their interests in learning, and to change their subordinate, recognized and controlled position, so that children could actively construct their own world and could return to their nature.