矿物油处理对马铃薯长管蚜定向和取食行为的影响(英文)

Effects of mineral oil application on the orientation and feeding behaviour of Macrosiphum euphorbiae(Homoptera:Aphidae)

大田和实验室研究均表明矿物油的施用可有效降低蚜虫对非持久性病毒的传播。我们分别于矿物油喷施马铃薯植株24h和7d后,调查其对马铃薯长管蚜Macrosiphum euphorbiae行为的影响;采用暗室生测法调查了蚜虫对处理的植物挥发性化合物的反应;采用刺探电位技术(EPG)评价了矿物油处理对蚜虫取食行为的影响。结果表明:矿物油处理导致植物对寄主的引诱作用失效,这种效果至少持续24h。矿物油处理马铃薯植株24h和7d后,蚜虫对处理植株的取食行为发生改变。开始记录至第1次刺探所需时间降低,但只在处理7d后显著降低,提示矿物油处理有助于蚜虫口针的穿刺。然而,流涎阶段以及韧皮部汁液吸食阶段(摄食阶段)显著缩短。本研究中观察到的蚜虫行为的改变不能充分解释施用矿物油的大田中为什么出现7d的保护作用,因此可能还存在其他的机制。

Application of mineral oil both in the fields and in the laboratory has been shown to efficiently reduce the transmission of non-persistent phytoviruses by aphids. In this study we investigated the influence a mineral oil spray on potato plants has on the behaviour of Macrosiphum euphorbiae, 24 h and 7 d after treatment. The aphid response towards oil treated plant volatiles was investigated using a darkened arena bioassay. The effect of oil treatment on aphid trophic behaviour was assessed using the electrical penetration graph （EPG） technique. Mineral oil treatment induced a lack of attractiveness of the host-plant, which lasted at least 24 h. The feeding behaviour of M. euphorbiae was modified on oil treated potato plants 24 h and 7 d after treatment. ＂Time from start of recording to first probe＂ was reduced but only significantly at 7 d after treatment, suggesting the facilitation of aphid stylet insertion. However, salivations phases and phloem sap feeding （ingestion phases ） were significantly delayed. The modifications of aphid behaviour observed in this study are not drastic enough to explain the 7 d-protection observed in mineral oil sprayed fields and other potential mechanisms may exist.