交通检测器配置组合优化模型及算法

A Combinatorial Optimization Model and Algorithm for Locating Traffic Detectors

探讨了基于道路环境、出行路径选择及路段交通流时变特性的城市道路交通检测器配置问题,提出了检测器配置原则,建立了组合优化模型.分析了模型的计算复杂性,根据目标函数的性质和约束条件的相容性,提出了基于解空间分解的有序组合树算法.通过限制不可行子空间、可行非最优子空间,能缩小搜索范围,并给出模型的全局准确最优解.介绍了模型参数的计算,探讨了检测器利用率的量化方法,阐述了交通流小时波动系数、路段客观重要度、检测器配置成本等模型参数的意义及计算依据,给出了计算方法.最后,通过实例说明该模型的应用及计算过程.

With consideration of traffic environment, transportation tips and traffic flow movement characteristics, locating traffic detectors on urban road are studied in this paper. The locating principles are put forward. A combinatorial optimization model is then established. Due to its complicated computation, a solution with solution space decomposition, limitation and sequential combination tree method is proposed, based on the characteristics of the objective function and consistence of the restrictions. The space limitation method can reduce the range of searching and improve computation rate to find the optimal result. The quantification of the detector＇s using values is also discussed. The model＇s parameters, such as the traffic volume time -variation, the road objective importance and the detector locating cost as well as their estimation method are made clear. Finally, an instance is presented to explain the model and its computation process.