3-十二烷氧基-2-羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵的合成及性质研究

Studies on Synthesis and Surfactivities of 3-Dodecoxyl-2-Hydroxypropyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride

本文以十二醇、环氧氯丙烷(EPIC)与三甲胺盐酸盐合成了阳离子表面活性剂3-十二烷氧基-2-羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵(DPAC)。实验得出了最佳合成条件:中间体十二烷基缩水甘油醚:n(脂肪醇)∶n(EPIC)=1∶1.8,反应时间4 h,温度50℃,碱的浓度为50%,四丁基溴化铵作催化剂;DPAC的合成:n(十二烷氧基缩水甘油醚)∶n(三甲胺盐酸盐)=1∶1,温度30℃,反应3 h。DPAC的收率可达96%。使用红外、核磁共振对产品进行了定性分析,并研究了其界面、抗菌、抑菌性质。

This paper takes epichlorohydrine （EPIC） and the lauryl alcohol as a raw material, synthesized the active intermediate lauryl glycidol ether; then responses with trimethylamine muriate, producting high-quality mellow positive ion glycerine ether sunface active agent 3- dodecoxyl-2-hydroxyl propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride （DPAC）. The most superior synthetic condition of lauryl glycidol ether： n （lauryl alcohol）： n （EPIC） = 1 ： 1. 8, the reaction time is 4 hours, temperature is 50℃, the alkali density is 50%, four butyl ammonium bromide as the catalyst. The most superior synthetic technological condition of DPAC： n （dodecane oxygen radical glycidol ether）： n （trimethylamine muriate） =1 ： 1, the reaction temperature is 30℃, the reaction time is 3 hours, the yield of DPAC is 96M. The structure of the product was characterized by IR. HNMR. And the interface and antibacterial character of DPAC are studied.