镉对水稻植株生长和叶片生理活性的影响

Effects of Cd^(2+) Stress on Plant Growth and Leaves Physiological Activity of Rice

以扬稻6号和武运粳7号为材料进行盆栽实验,研究了Cd胁迫对水稻植株生长的影响,结果表明:(1)Cd胁迫对水稻植株的分蘖力、株高、植株干物质的积累量、产量构成因素以及叶片的生理活性等都有显著的影响;(2)Cd胁迫对水稻植株的分蘖、株高和植株干物质的积累量的影响均为植株较幼嫩时影响较大,而对开花期的分蘖成穗率、株高和植株干物质的积累量影响不大,反映了水稻植株在开花期具有较好的耐镉性;(3)对产量构成因素的影响为每穗粒数受影响最大,说明Cd胁迫抑制了穗分化;(4)Cd处理使分蘖末期水稻叶片电导率、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量和可溶性蛋白含量都上升了,而叶片的光合速率下降了,反映了水稻叶片在分蘖末期受Cd胁迫后,膜系统受到了伤害,而脯氨酸含量的上升则反映了水稻叶片同时也表现出了一定的耐Cd性。

Using yangdao No. 6 and wuyunjing No. 7 as material, Carried potted experiment to study the effect of Cd^2＋ stress on rice plant growth and leaves physiological activity. The results showed that： （ 1 ） Cd^2＋ stress had a significant effect on tillering ability,plant height, accumulating amount of dry matters, composing factors of yield and physiological activity of leaves;（2）The sensitive stage to Cd^2＋ stress was the stage before flowering, and at flowering stage,Cd^2＋ stress had less effect, on tillering ability,plant height, accumulating amount of dry matters; （ 3 ） The most sensitive factor among composing factors of yield was grain number per panicle; （4） Cd^2＋ stress promoted electrical conductivity of leaves, MDA content, proline content and soluble protein content increasing and decreasing the rates of leaf photosynthesis at late tillering state. These reflected that Cd^2＋ stress injured the growth of rice plant, inhibited the differentiation of ears and decreased the yield, and proline content increasing under Cd^2＋ stress indicated that rice plant have certain tolerance for Cd^2＋ stress to some extent.