菜籽油常压水解制备脂肪酸的研究

Preparation of Fatty Acid by Hydrolysis of Rapeseed Oil under Normal Pressure

[目的]以菜籽油作为原料,在常压下水解制备脂肪酸。[方法]研究在常压下温度(95±5)℃水解菜籽油制备脂肪酸,讨论油水比、催化剂(浓硫酸)、乳化剂(十二烷基苯磺酸钠)用量和时间对菜籽油水解反应的影响。[结果]得出最佳反应条件为:乳化剂用量4%(W/W),催化剂量15%(W/W),油水比1∶2,水解时间17 h。在该条件下,水解产物的酸值达180.3 mg/g。[结论]利用菜籽油在常压下进行水解反应,能制备出工业上常用的脂肪酸,而且转化率可达93.8%。

[ Objective] The research aimed to take the rapeseed oil as raw material for hydrolysis preparation of fatty acid atmospheric pressure. [ Method ] Fatty acid was produced by hydrolysis of rapeseed oil under normal pressure at the temperature of （95 ± 5 ）℃. Effects of ratio of oil to water, amount of catalyst and emulsification and time on reaction were studied. [ Result ] The optimal parameter was as follows ： amount of emulsification 4% （ W/W）, amount of catalyst 15% （ W/W）, weight ratio of oil to water 1：2, hydrolysis time t7 h. Under the conditions, the acid value of hydrolyzed Jatropha curcas oil reached 180.3 mg/g. [Conclusion] The fatty acids which were commonly used in industry could be produced under atmospheric pressure by hydrolyzing the rapeseed oil. And the conversion rate could reach 93.8%.