秸秆型育苗基质理化性质的研究

Research on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Straw Seedling Substrates

[目的]筛选最佳的紫背竹芋育苗基质。[方法]以紫背竹芋为供试材料,玉米秸秆、草炭和园田土为育苗基质,对紫背竹芋幼苗在各种秸秆型育苗基质上的理化指标进行研究。[结果]随着玉米秸秆的腐解和作物的生长,不同配比的玉米秸秆与园田土制成的育苗基质的容重和总孔隙度逐渐降低。基质中氮、磷、钾元素含量基本呈下降趋势。其中以配比比例为玉米秸秆∶园田土=3∶7的处理中各元素含量下降的速度较快,而且通过对紫背竹芋幼苗外观长势观察发现,幼苗在此处理下的育苗基质中逐渐适应生长环境,长势健壮,发育较好。[结论]玉米秸秆∶园田土=3∶7的基质是紫背竹芋良好的育苗基质。

[ Objective ] The aim was to screen the optimum seedling substratc for Stromanthe sanguinea. [ Method ] With S. sanguinea as tested material, corn stalk, peat and garden soil as seedling substrates, the physical and chemical indexes of S. sanguinea seedlings on each kind of straw seedling substrates were studied. [ Result] The bulk density and total porosity of seedling substrate prepared by corn stalk with different proportions and garden soil were decreased with the decomposition of corn stalk and growth of crop. The nitrogen, phosphor and potassium content in substrate showed downtrend basically. Among them, the descending speed of each element in treatment with corn stalk-garden soil ratio being 3 to 7 was faster and under the treatment, the seedlings adapted the growth environment gradually, and had strong growth vigor and better development in the substrate through observing the exterior growth vigor of S. sanguinea seedlings. [ Conclusion ] The substrate with corn stalk-garden soil ratio being 3 to 7 was better seedling substrate for S. sanguinea.