速生耐盐碱吴屯杨生长表现

Growth of Fast-growing Populus wutunensis with High Saline-alkali Tolerance

为了解决内陆、沿海盐碱地区造林生产中缺乏优良耐盐碱杨树品种的问题,采用随机抽样调查的方法,以吴屯杨为主要研究对象,以小胡杨、群众杨等为对照,通过测定林龄为4、6、7、14和24年生耐盐碱对比试验林的树高、胸径、材积生长等指标进行研究。结果表明:吴屯杨在盐质量分数为0.51%、pH值8.4以下的各类盐碱地和沙壤土上,6～24年生的吴屯杨均能正常生长、同时具有极显著的生长优势,24年生的吴屯杨在盐质量分数为0.41%的盐碱地上单株材积达0.5 m3,分别比小胡杨树和群众杨增加100%、138.1%,在沙壤土上单株材积达1.03m3,比群众杨增加74%。在盐质量分数为0.41%的盐碱地上,24年生的吴屯杨主干明显,通直圆满,速生期持续时间长,仍处于中、壮龄期,未达生长最高峰。

A random sampling investigation was carried out on tree height, diameter at breast height and volume of 4, 6, 7, 14, 24-year-old poplar trees to study the salt-tolerance of Populus wutunensis using Populus simonii × P. euphratica, Populus popularis as the control, aiming to solve the deficiency of superior poplar varieties with high salt-tolerance for afforestation in saline-alkali soil in inland and coastal areas. Results indicated that 6- to 24-year-old P. wutunensis grew normally and had a significant growth advantage under the soil salt content of 0.51 percent and pH below 8.4. The stem volume of 24- year-old P. wutunensis reached 0.5 m3 in the saline-alkali land with salt content of 0.41 percent, and increased by 100 percent and 138.1 percent compared with that of P. simonii x P. euphratica and P. popularis, and it was 1.03 m3 in the sandy loam, which was 174 percent higher than that of P. popularis. Twenty-four-year-old P. wutunensis had the characteristics of distinct and erect trunk as well as long fast-growing period, and it was still in strong-aged phase by stem analysis of standard trees in the saline-alkali soil （ soil salt content 0.41 percent and pH 7.5 ）.