潘氏细胞的发生及其信号调控

Development of Paneth Cell and Regulation of Signaling Pathways

潘氏细胞是位于肠隐窝底部的浆液性腺上皮细胞,是构成小肠黏膜屏障的重要细胞成分。潘氏细胞来源于小肠干细胞,后者可能是位于潘氏细胞上方的标记保留细胞,也可能是位于潘氏细胞之间的肠隐窝基底柱状细胞。潘氏细胞与杯状细胞和肠内分泌细胞同属于小肠上皮的分泌细胞系,又与杯状细胞有共同的前体——中间型细胞。潘氏细胞的分化经历了从小肠干细胞到分泌系祖细胞再到中间型细胞的过程。决定潘氏细胞分化、迁移和分布的信号通路主要有Wnt信号通路,其次是Notch信号通路、Hedgehog信号通路、骨形态发生蛋白信号通路等。

Paneth cells are serous glandular epithelial cells at the base of small intestinal crypts. They constitute the key cell component in the intestinal mucosal barrier. These cells originate from the intestinal stem cell （ISC）. There are two hypotheses about ISC, i.e. the label-retaining ceils above and the crypt base columnar cells intercalated between Paneth cells. Paneth cells, together with goblet and enteroendocrine ceils, belong to the secretory cell lineage of the small intestinal epithelium. Furthermore, Paneth and goblet cells share the common precursor, intermediate cell. The differentiation of Paneth cells undergoes a process from ISC to the secretory cell lineage progenitor and to intermediate cell, which is regulated predominantly by the Wnt signaling pathway. The Notch, Hedgehog and bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathways also have effects on the development of Paneth cells.