寻找私有和共享的结合点——经济型住宅中的公民社会营造

Defining the Interface of the Private and the Shared——The Cultivation of Citizenship in the Economical Housing

城市居住问题是城市化进程的组成部分,也是公民社会的重要组成部分。由于社会本身的复杂性,解决低收入群体的居住问题需要对问题本身进行定位。首先通过对欧洲早期社会住宅发展史的分析,指出根据不同历史和区域条件寻找商品经济(私有)和公有体制(共享)的结合点,是解决住宅问题的关键。其次,分析了香港和新加坡两个亚洲重要的华人城市在社会住宅建设方面的经验,以印证私有和共享的划分要根据各自不同的目标和条件。最后结合现代建筑参与设计和开放建筑设计案例,分析了主动将私有和共享的结合点运用于经济型住宅的方法,旨在为中国建筑师提供借鉴。

Urban housing issues are inseparable parts of urbanization and important components to social civilization Because of intrinsic complexity of society, to resolve housing problems for the low income requires precise definition of the problems Starting with analysis to evolution of concepts and experiments of social housing in Europe, the paper points out that defining the interface between commercial system （ private ） and public system （ sharing ） in housing is the crucial factor The paper further analyzes two large Chinese urban communities, Singapore and Hong Kong It addresses that the suocessfully defining interface has to correspond to particular objectives and conditions By giving an analysis to the low cost housing design experiments of Modernism in Architecture. the paper concludes that the design with user participation and open building are the alternatives for Chinese architects to use as a tool to redefine the intedace for the betterment of citizens.