家庭婚姻状况与家庭功能、中学生自尊及行为问题的关系

Influence of Family Marriage State on Family Function,Self-esteem and the Behavior Problem of Middle School Students

目的:考查家庭的婚姻状况对中学生的自尊和行为产生怎样的影响。方法:采用家庭功能量表(FAD)、行为问题量表(BPS)和自尊量表(SES),对北京市6所中学的144个离婚家庭、75个再婚家庭以及作为对比组的139个在婚家庭的学生在这三个量表的各个维度上进行了对比。结果:不同家庭婚姻状况中,中学生问题行为(F=6.607,P=0.002)与家庭功能的问题解决(F=3.620,P=0.028)存在显著的差异,这些差异在男生和女生中的表现差异明显;不同婚姻状况家庭之间以及男女生之间自尊的差异不显著;多元线性回归分析中,自尊、家庭婚姻状况和家庭功能多方面因素对于中学生问题行为有一定的解释力(Radj2=19.5%)。结论:离婚家庭中的中学生受到的消极影响最大,产生的问题行为也最多;在离婚和再婚家庭中,男生受到的消极影响显著大于女生。

Objective： To survey the influence of family marital state on self-esteem and behaviors of middle school students. Methods： Middle school students, 144 from divorced families, 75 from remarried families, and 139 from normal marriage state families, were surveyed with the Chinese Family Assessment Device（FAD）, the Behavior Problem Scale（BPS） and the Self-Esteem Scale（SES）. Results： Family marital states significantly influenced the middle school students＇ problem behavior and the problem solving dimension in FAD, and the influence was different between male and female stu- dents. There was no difference in self-esteem among three marital states and different genders. Middle school students＇ problem behaviors had certain relationship with self-esteem, parents＇ marital states and family functions. Conclusion： Of the three family marital states, the middle school students are most severely influenced by the divorced family state, and they have more and severer behavioral problems than students in other family marital states; in divorced and re-married families, male students are much more influenced than females.