油松菌根根际一株高效磷细菌培养条件的研究

Study on Culture Characteristics of an Effective Phosphobacteria Isolated from Chinese Pine Mycorrhizal Rhizosphere

[目的]为获取能与菌根真菌褐环乳牛肝菌配伍制作复合生物菌剂的高效解磷细菌。[方法]从4年生（2＋2）油松茵根根际土壤中分离纯化并采用溶磷圈法筛选出16株具有解磷能力的细菌P1-P16。利用试剂盒法选出一株解磷能力最强的菌株（P15），采用液体培养对其培养条件和营养特性进行研究。[结果]筛选出的优良解磷细菌可使培养基中可溶性磷增量达591.82mg／L；其生长曲线符合Logistic方程；其培养条件：装液量35ml培养基/100ml三角瓶中；转速210r／min；初始pH值7.5-8.0；培养温度30℃。营养特性：最佳碳源为葡萄糖；最佳氮源为（NH4）2SO4；Mg^2＋、Ca^2＋、Fe^3＋对细菌生长无影响，Na^＋、Fe^2＋、K^＋促进细菌生长，而Mn^2＋对细菌生长有抑制作用。[结论]油松菌根根际土壤中有丰富的解磷细菌群，菌根真菌通过与根际解磷微生物的互作来改善宿主植物的生长状况。

[ Objective ] To obtain the highly effective phosphobacteria from the Chinese pine myeorrhizal rhizosphere soil. [Methods] 16 phosphobaeteria strains （P1-P16） were selected from 4-year-old （2＋2） Chinese Pine Mycorrhizal Rhizosphere by Phosphate-dissolving circle law. The strain （P15） which had strongest phosphorus-dissolving ability was selected by the kit method. Its culture conditions and nutritional characteristics were conducted in liquid culture. [Result] The highest soluble phosphorus in the culture liquid was increased to 591.82 mg/L; Its growth curve was same as the Logistic equation; The optimal culture conditions as foilows i liquid volume was 35 ml/100 ml flask; Rotational speed was 210 r/min ; Initial pH value was 7.5 - 8.0 ; Culture temperature was 30℃. Its nutritional properties as follows ： the best carbolic source was the glucose; the best source of nitrogen is the （NH4 ）2SO4; Mg^2＋, Ca^2＋, Fe^3＋ had no effect on the bacterial growth; the bacterial growth was promoted by Na^＋, Fe^2＋, K^＋ and inhibited by Mn^2＋. [ Conclusion ] There were lots of phosphobacteria in Chinese pine rhizosphere soil. Through PAM of micro-organisms Mycorrhizal can improve the situation of the host plant growth.