航天诱变番茄无限生长习性突变体的农艺性状与光合特性研究

Studies on Agronomic and Photosynthesis Characters of Tomato Mutant with Indeterminate Growth Habit mutated by Space mutagenesis

[目的]了解航天诱变的番茄生长习性变化与其光合生理特征间的关系。[方法]通过航天诱变技术，从有限生长习性的番茄亲本（10-3-2）中获得番茄无限生长突变体（M1），对该突变体2个不同世代（SP3和SP4）与其遗传背景亲本（CK）的植株产量、光合特性等进行了分析。[结果]与CK相比，突变体SP3、SP4的产量分别增加34.9％和34.4％；SP3、SP4与CK的净光合速率（Pn）日变化虽然均为双峰曲线，但突变体的净光合速率在光合高峰期明显高于CK，而在早晚及中午午休时三者的净光合速率较接近。早晚突变体的气孔导度高于CK，中午二者较接近，但突变体2个世代的胞间CO2浓度日变化与CK没有明显差异。[结论]SP3和SP4的各项指标均比较接近，证实了航天诱变材料具有稳定快的特点，一般3-4代即可稳定。

[Objective] The study aimed to find out the relationship between the growth habit change and photosynthesis characteristic of tomato. [Method] By space mutagenesis technique, a tomato mutant （M1） with indeterminate growth habit was obtained from the tomato parents （10-3-2） , the plant yields and photosynthesis characters, etc. Two generations （SP3 and SP4 ） from M1 and their parents CK were analyzed. [Result] The yields of SP3 and SP4 were 34.9% and 34.4% more than that of CK resp. The day-change of net photosynthetic rate （Pn） of SP3 , SP4 and CK were all double-peak curve, but in photosynthesis peak period, the net photosynthetic rates of SP3 and SP4 were much higher than that of CK and their net photosynthetic rates the morning and night were close to that in the midday. The stomata conductance of SP3 and SP4 in the morning and night was much higher than that of CK and their stomata conductance was close in midday. The day-change curves of SP3, and SP4 for intracellular COs had no distinct difference to that of CK. [Conclusion] The each index of SP3 and SP4 was close, confirming that the space mutagenesis materials had characters of faster stabilization and they were stable in 3 - 4 generations generally.