广东省澄海莱芜拟建礁区建礁可行性研究

Feasibility Study on Constructing Reef in Deploying Reef Area of Laiwu,Chenhai in Guangdong Province

根据2003年5月广东省澄海菜芜拟建人工鱼礁区海域和对比区海域本底调查所获资料，从水文、水质、底质、生物环境等方面分析了在拟建礁区建礁的优越性。结果表明，莱芜拟建人工鱼礁区海域水深8.5-11.0m，海面波高小于1m，拟建礁区相对于对比I墨具有明显的建礁优越性：流速较平缓，投礁后礁体所受到的波流影响较小、稳定性较强；拟建礁区的海水透明度高于对比区，更适合营光合作用的浮游生物和礁体附着生物生长；各站位pH值的平面分布和垂直分布都比较均匀；海水质量基本达到国家二类海水水质标准；表层沉积物类型主要为细砂、粘土-砂质粉砂、粉砂质砂和粘土质粉砂，属于硬质底质泥沙底，可减缓礁体投放下沉时的冲击力，投礁后礁体稳定性较强；浮游植物、浮游动物和底栖生物的栖息密度和生物多样性均高于同期调查的对比区；拟建礁区游泳生物的栖息密度明显比对比区高；鱼卵仔鱼数量较多；拟建礁海域以前是良好的渔场，附近无工业废水排放。因此，在澄海菜芜拟建礁区建礁是可行的。

According to the investigation data of deploying artificial fish reef and control coastal area in Laiwu, Chenhai in Guangdong Province. This paper analyzed the superiority of constructing reef in deploying reef area at the aspects of hydrological, quality, benthic matter and biological and so on. The results showed that the coastal area depth of deploying artificial fish reef area was 8.5 m - 11.0 m, the height of water wave was less then 1 m, compared with the control area, the deploying area have significant superiorities： the flow rate was mild, effects of reef putting into this area on the wave flow were small and more stability ; the seawater transparency of deploying reef area was better then the control area,which was more suitable for the growth of plankton and reef body attaching organism which needed photosynthesis. The planar and vertical distribution of pH values in all stations were relatively uniform ; the seawater quality almost came up to the Grade II national standard ; the types of surface sediment mainly included sand, clay-sandy silt , silty sand and clayey silt belonging to sediment and hard bedload which can weak the wallop and more stability when the artificial reef sinking; inhabiting density of phytoplankton ,zooplankton and benthon and biological diversity were higher than the control area at the same period ; inhabiting density of nekton and the numbers of fish eggs and larvae in deploying reef area were obviously higher than control area; planning deploying reef area was a good fishery and had no industrial wastewater discharge , so it is feasibility to construct reef in planning deploying reef area in Laiwu, Chenhai.