大青山油松人工林树冠垂直结构特征的研究

Study on the Crown Vertical Structure Characteristic of Chinese Pine Plantation in Daqing Mountain

[目的]为进行大青山油松人工林生产潜力的评价和生长预估以及密度调控方面提供依据。[方法]应用树冠各层生物量等树冠结构特征指标占树冠总体的比例对大青山2个密度(1 399和2 547株/hm2)下30年生油松人工林枝、叶分布和生长垂直变化的测定,研究油松人工林树冠的垂直结构特征。[结果]树冠总体分布格局为树冠中层枝生物量(52.50%)、枝条数量(40.64%)、叶生物量(53.65%)、叶面积(60.51%)和叶面积指数(59.20%)均大于树冠上层和下层,而枝长(38.56%)小于下层(46.71%)、大于上层(14.73%);枝大部分着生在小于250 cm深度处,下层枝长所占比例最大,中层其次,上层最小;密度仅影响各指标绝对数量大小。[结论]30年生油松人工林树冠中层在油松生长等方面具有重要作用。

[Objective] The study aimed to provide the basis for evaluation of production potential, growth predietion and density control of Chinese pine plantation in Daqingshan mountain. [Method]The branch and leaf distribution and the growth vertical variation of 30-year-old Chinese pine plantation were measured according to the proportion of the indexes of crown structural characteristics such as each layers biomass etc. accounting for the overall crown under two densities of 1399 and 2547 plant/hm^2 so as to study the crown vertical structure charaeteristic of Chinese pine plantation. [Result] The overall distribution pattern for the crown was that the branch biomass （52.50%） , the number of branches （40.64%） , leaf biomass （53.65%） , leaf area （60.51%） and leaf area index （59.20%） in the middle layer were more than that in the top layer and lower layer, but branch length（38.56%）was less than that in the lower （46.71% ） and more than that in the top of crown （ 14.73% ） ; Most branches were grown on the twig with the depth of less than 250 cm. Branch length in the lower layer accounted for the largest percentage and the secondly for the middle layer, and the upper layer accounted for the least percentage; the density only affected the size of the absolute number of each index.[Conclusion] The crown in the middle layer of 30-year-old Chinese pine plantation played an important role in the growth and so on of Chinese pine.