老年人运动参与动机、类型与环境偏好的心理学研究——对湖南省城市老年人的调查

A Psychological Study of Sports Participation Motivation,Types and Environmental Preference——A Survey of Old People in Cities of Hunan Province

运用问卷调查法,从心理学视角,对城市老年人的运动参与动机和环境偏好进行调查。结果显示:在运动参与动机方面,因素分析结果显示,老年人的运动参与动机可分为:获得成就感、社交互动、消磨时间、增进健康、体验自然、生活学习六项因素,其中,生活学习和增进健康因素获得大多数老年人的认同。在参与类型上,老年人参与的健康与体能和社交类活动较多,公益服务和文化艺术类较少。在环境偏好上,老年人偏好优美的自然环境,室外环境选择多于室内环境,交通便利也是老年人考虑的一个重要因素,而室内场所、设施及俱乐部模式等则比较不受老年人们的喜欢。

Based on documentary, questionnaire and mathematical statistic, the author studies sports participation motivation and environmental preference of elder people who participate in the physical activty in Hunan province. The research results show： In the sports participation motivation aspect, there are six factors found, which are ＂Obtaing the achievement feeling., ＂the social interaction＂, ＂time killing＂, improving the body health＂, ＂experiencing nature＂, ＂life and study＂. Among them, ＂improving the body health＇and ＂the social interaction＂ are the most important reasons. In the environmental preference aspect, elder people prefer the beautiful nature environment. Having transport facilities or not also becomes a factor that elder people consider,but interior environment, facilities and club pattern are not favored by elder people.