人性悖论:西方管理思想史演进的原点与动力——对西方管理思想史的哲学解读

Paradox of human nature:the origin and motivity of evolution in western management thought

根据出发点的不同,西方管理学诸学派可以划分为三个部类,即以人性为直接出发点的理论,以组织为直接出发点的理论和以方法为直接出发点的理论。人性的非定形性与管理对人性的确定性把握之间的矛盾、组织的机械性与有机性之间的矛盾,以及管理方法的先验性与经验性之间的矛盾,分别构成了这三大部类演进的内在动力。这三对矛盾又可以归结为人性的悖论性结构,整个西方管理思想史因此可以在人性的基础上得到统一的理解。

All the western management schools can be divided into three categories according to their different starting points. The first is the human ＂starting point theory which is driven by the conflict between the non-finite human nature and the finite management knowledge. The second is the organization starting point theory which is driven by the conflict between the mechanism and the teleology. The last is the starting point theory which is driven by the conflict between the apriorism and empiricism. All the three kinds of conflicts can be boiled down to human nature＇s paradox. So a conclusion is reached that all the western management theories can form a unified understanding on the basis of human nature.