三峡库区天然次生林凋落物森林水文效应研究

Forest Hydrological Effects of Litter Layers Under Different Natural Secondary Forest in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

对三峡库区上游四面山4种天然次生林凋落物储量、分解强度及持水力进行了研究。结果表明,4种林分凋落物储量最大的是天然阔叶林(107.09 t/hm2),天然针阔混交林(70.18 t/hm2)和天然针叶林(66.65 t/hm2)次之,楠竹林(35.37 t/hm2)最小;凋落物最大持水量和持水力均呈现出天然针阔混交林(89.95 t/hm2,2.25)最大,天然阔叶林(67.33 t/hm2,1.89)次之,而天然针叶林(39.83 t/hm2,1.66)和楠竹林(28.07 t/hm2,1.85)较差的趋势。因此,从凋落物持水特征来分析,4种天然次生林中,天然针阔混交林的森林水文效应最好,其次是天然阔叶林,而楠竹林和天然针叶林均较差,不适宜在该区域内的水土保持植被建设中应用。

Litters＇ reserves, decomposition intensity, and water holding ability of four kinds of natural secondary forest in Simian Mountain, the upper area of Three Gorges Reservoir were studied. Results showed that the litters＇ reserve of broad-leaved forest was 107.09 t/hm^2 , which was the highest among the four kinds of forest litters, and it was followed by coniferous ＆ broad-leaved mixed forest （70.18 t/hm^2） and co- niferous forest （66.65 t/hm^2）. The litters＇ reserve of Phyllostachys pubescens forest was the worst, which was only 35.37 t/hm^2. The litters＇ max water holding capacity and water holding ability of coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest were the best among the four kinds of forest litters（89.95 t/hm^2 , 2.25） ; those of broad-leaved forest was second （67.33 t/hm^2 , 1.89） ; those of coniferous forest was third（39. 83 t/hm^2 , 1.66） ; and those of Phyllostachys pubescens forest was the lowest（28.07 t/hm^2 , 1.85）. In terms of litters＇ water holding characteristic, forest hydrological effects of coniferous＆ broad-leaved mixed forest were the best among the four kinds of experimental natural secondary forest , and the effects of broad-leaved forest were better, The effects of coniferous forest and Phyllostachys pubescens forest were poor, which were not suitable to be popularized in the vegetation construction for soil and water conservation in the area.