师范大学生体育锻炼现状及对心理健康的影响

Present situation of physical exercise on mental health of students in normal university

采用《大学生体育锻炼状况调查问卷》、《心境量表(POMS)》、《大学生压力反应测量问卷》和《大学生心理健康诊断量表》对1 354名师范大学在读本科生进行调查。结果发现:师范大学生经常锻炼群体的总体情绪状态比非经常锻炼群体的情绪状态好,呈显著性差异;在"精力"、"自尊"这两个积极情绪纬度得分高于非经常锻炼群体,且呈非常显著性差异;在"紧张"、"愤怒"、"疲劳"这3个消极情绪纬度方面得分高于非经常锻炼群体,在"抑郁"、"慌乱"这两个消极情绪纬度方面得分均低于非经常锻炼群体,但无显著性差异。非经常锻炼群体在压力的生理反应、情绪反应、认知反应纬度上的平均得分高于经常锻炼群体,呈非常显著性差异;在压力的行为反应纬度上的平均得分高于经常锻炼群体,但无显著性差异。经常锻炼群体在心理健康水平得分高于非经常锻炼群体,呈非常显著性差异。

1354 undergraduates in normal universities were studied with adoption of questionnaires, Profile of Mood States, Questionnaire on Pressure Response Test and Mental Health Scale. It was indicated that the students who often took physical exercises were in better general emotion mood and they were more energetic and self-esteemed than those who did not take regular physical exercises. They also tended to be more tense, angry and easy to fatigue but less depressed and panic. They scored lower in physiological response of pressure, emotion response and cognitive response. They were in better health and psychological state.