基于面向对象分类方法的查干湖地区生态环境变化遥感分析

Ecosystem Research of Chaganhu Conservation Zone Based on Remote Sensing Data and Object-oriented Classification

利用遥感技术结合高精度GPS野外定位技术,应用面向对象分类方法,利用1988年和2004年两期遥感数据对生态敏感区域——查干湖自然保护区的生态环境进行了土地利用类型遥感提取、GPS野外验证,结果表明,查干湖地区16年来水体面积减少了139.36 km2,盐碱地增加了106.83 km2,碱斑面积增加了107.21 km2,环境恶化现象严重。初步分析了环境变化的原因并提出了治理建议,探讨了基于多特征的面向对象分类方法的具体应用。

With the accurate positioning technology of GPS, this paper applies the technology of remote sensing to the sensitive region, the Chaganhu conservation zone. Validated in the field with GPS, the land use/cover classification of twelve classes is extracted, and the main features of the environment changes are concluded. The results indicate that in the past 16 years from 1988 to 2004, the environment has deteriorated seriously. The area of water has decreased by 139.36 km^2 , the area of salty alkali soil has increased by 106.83 km^2 , and the area of absolute alkali land has increased by 107.21 km^2. The authors make Preliminary analysis on the reason is made and some feasible suggestions to recover the environment is proposed.