国外支持农业科技创新的制度保障与启示

Experiences and Implications of Foreign Institutional Arrangements Related to Agricultural Innovation

农业科技创新既包括对农业未知领域和新科学方法与知识的探索,也包括对农业新技术的研发与推广,在这一过程中需要建立一个有效的农业科技创新体系作为支撑。由于农业在一国的经济中往往处于十分重要的基础性地位,因此,在建设与完善农业科技创新体系的过程中,需要政府从法律、宏观科技管理、科研体系设置和科技成果推广体系等方面均拥有十分有力的制度保障。本文对国外支持农业创新的制度保障进行了系统的分析与总结,并在此基础上,针对目前我国农业科技创新的现状,从立法、科技管理和成果推广三个方面提供了一些政策建议。

The S＆T innovation in agriculture includes new scientific research methodologies and knowledge in the area, and R＆D and extension of new agricultural technologies. An effective agricultural S＆T innovation system is very necessary. Because of the basic position of agriculture in an economy,institutional arrangements are very important for the innovation system, such as legislation, governing system, R＆D system arrangement and extension system of R＆D outputs. This paper gives a detailed analysis about the institutional arrangements related to agricuhural innovation in foreign countries. Some suggestions abut how to improve the innovation ability in agricultural areas are also given in the end of this paper.