山地城市河流健康内涵及评价

Mountainous Urban River Health:the Concept and Its Assessment

山地城市河流健康评价是实现山地城市河流可持续控制的重要工具。对河流健康内涵及山地城市河流特点进行了概要分析,认为山地城市河流健康应以山地河流生态系统为基本单元,并具有4个方面的内涵:河流内部的生态完整性、弹性和恢复力、河流与城市空间景观格局的安全性、河流与城市人群关系的和谐性,以及河流上述关系在时间上的可持续性。在此基础上提出了山地城市河流健康评价的指标体系,作为山地城市河流健康评价的重要工具,并认为评价时应利用地理信息系统工具加强空间景观格局的分析。

River health assessment is an essential and effective approach to river control. Historical understandings on river health especially on urban rivers are analyzed. The characteristics of mountainous urban rivers on hydrology, morphology, runoff, pollution, ecological services and anthropogenic impacts are analyzed based on a branch of the Yangtze River in Chongqing City. The watersheds including the river, its landscape and human actions are thought to be a suitable study unit, and mountainous urban river health should be of the following four meanings： internal ecological integrity, elasticity and recoverability of the river system itself, security of spatial landscape pattern of watershed, harmoniousness between the river system and urban people, and the sustainability over time of the abovementioned attributes. An indicator system was proposed for the assessment of mountainous urban river health. Analysis of spatial landscape pattern assisted with GIS tools should be emphasized as an indispensable part.