青藏铁路沿线活动断裂带对地质选线的影响

The Influence of Active Fault Belts along Qinghai-Tibet Railway on Geologic Route Selection

青藏铁路横穿了青藏高原上大量的活动断裂带。本文研究了青藏铁路沿线的29条活动断裂带分布规律和地质病害。通过分析崩塌、滑坡、泥石流地质病害特点和典型路段的地质选线,总结了断裂带地质选线的原则,主要包括:尽量在断裂带活动性较弱、宽度较窄的地段以垂直或高角度通过;尽量不设大中桥、高桥、隧道、高填深挖等难以修复的大型建筑物。事实证明,以上原则在绕避和通过活动断裂带时是正确可行的,可以在青藏线改建和其它铁路工程上借鉴运用。

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway intersects with many active fault belts distributed on Qinghai-Tibet plateau. In this paper, the distribution laws of 29 active fault belts along the railway and geological hazards caused by the faults are studied. Through analysing the characteristics of geological hazards such as collapse, landslide, debris flow, and tipical sections of the route line, some principles for geological route selection in fracture zones are summurized as follows： the route should be arranged to pass across active fault segment with weaker activities and narrower width of the belt in right angle or higher angle, avoid as could as possible to build large and medium-size bridge, high bridge, tunnel, high-filling, deep-dugging which are difficult to be repaird after dammage. It has been proved that these principles are right and feasible for avoid or pass the active fault belts, and can be used in rebuild of Qinghai-Tibet Railway or other railway project.