舆论的成因分析

AN ANALYSIS OF THE REASONS FOR FORMING PUBLIC OPINION

舆论的产生受到一系列主观因素的影响与制约,即对事物认知、评判之前,人们会用曾有的生活经验和较为牢固的判断事物的标准做框架,这有意无意地决定着个人意见的基本倾向。需要、团体心理和从众行为、风俗习惯和宗教情感,是主观因素的构成核心。在某一特定的社会环境下,对出现的舆论客体,通过众人的参与,能在短时期内形成共同意识或思想。这种意识、思想受到政权机构的制约。而提供舆论客体、制造舆论环境又与大众传媒密不可分。这些是舆论产生的客观原因。

In modern democratic society, public opinion is more and more important. The paper studies the reasons for the forming of public opinion which is crucial for the government to build harmonious society. The forming of public opinion is affected by a series of subjective factors like stereotypes and life experiences. De- mand, group psychology, herd behavior, customs and religious emotions are the core subjective factors. The object of public opinion arising from a specific social environment can form common consciousness or ideology with the participating of everybody in the short run. Such consciousness or ideology is controlled by the govern- ment while the mass media provides the object as well as the environment with public opinion. Thus social environment, government and the mass media are the objective reasons for the forming of public opinion.