新型神经细胞支架材料修复脊髓损伤的前景与现状(英文)

Novel nerve cell scaffold materials for repair of spinal cord injury

目前,人们对脊髓损伤修复的研究主要集中在组织工程,神经组织工程材料为组织再生提供3D模板和合成细胞外基质的环境。文章总结近年来神经移植材料的种类以及用于脊髓损伤治疗的研究进展,为脊髓损伤修复的研究提供理论依据。但应用神经细胞支架材料修复脊髓损伤还存在一些问题:如力学性能差,导致降解速度慢,难于满足组织构建的速度要求,也使构建多孔三维支架存在困难。近年来利用工程学方法将具有特定信号识别功能的生物分子与现有材料结合成新一代有特定修复功能的材料,是当前生物领域材料的前沿课题。

At present, the research regarding repair of spinal cord mainly focuses on tissue engineering. Neural tissue engineering materials provide three-dimensional template for tissue regeneration and also environment for synthesis of extracellular matrix. This paper summarizes the types of nerve transplant materials and the research progress in application for treatment of spinal cord injury, so as to provide theoretical evidence for repair of spinal cord injury. But some problems exist in application of nerve cell scaffold materials for repair of spinal cord injury： poor mechanical properties lead to slow degradation speed, causing difficulties in tissue reconstruction with respect to velocity and in subsequent reconstruction of porous three-dimensional scaffold. In recent years, novel biomaterials with specific repair function have been made by the engineering method through combining the biological molecule with specific signal identification function and available materials, which is an advanced project in the current field of biomaterials.