广州铁路职工翼状胬肉患病率的流行病学调查

The Investigation of Prevalence of Pterygium among Guangzhou Railway Workers

目的:调查广州铁路职工翼状胬肉的患病率,探讨翼状胬肉与环境条件、工种、性别及沙眼的关系。方法:采取整群抽样方法,以广铁集团公司45～60岁职工为对象,随机抽取了其属下5个不同单位职工进行体检。结果:实检人数1 634人,参检率92.0%,翼状胬肉患者61例,患病率为3.73%。按日照时间分组:<3 h者579例,患病12例,患病率2.07%,>3 h者1 055例,患病49例,患病率4.64%,两者比较差异有显著性。(X^2=5.76,P<0.05)按家庭月收入分组,A组:>1万者150人,患病1例,患病率0.6%;B组:5千～1万者378人,患病8例,患病率2.12%;C组:<5千者1106人,患病52例,患病率4.70%,组组间AC,BC比较差异有显著性,AB间比较差异无显著性(X_(AB)~2=0.59,P_(AB)>0.05X_(BC)~2=3.91,P_^(BC)<0.05;X_(AC)~2=4.1,P_(AC)<0.05)结论:翼状胬肉患病率与日照时间、经济收入及沙眼的发生相关,与性别无相关。

Objective：To investigate the prevalence rate of pterygium among the staff in Guangzhou Railway and explore the correlation between pterygium and environment, job, gender or trachoma. Methods： Targeted at workers aged 45-60 years old in Guangzhou Railway Corporation, we carried out medical examinations in its five different units randomly by cluster sampling. Then made a record according to the morphology and the grading of pterygium. Results： 1634 persons were examined, the participating rate was 92% , 61 ones were found to get pterygium, and the prevalence rate was 3.73%. Grouped by sunshine duration： there are 579 persons in 〈 3 hours group, among whom 12 ones were involved and the prevalence rate was 2.07% , while there are 1055 persons in 〉 3 hours group,among whom 49 ones were involved and the prevalence rate was 4.64% , therefore there was significant difference between the two groups. （X = 5.76, P 〈 0.05 ） Then grouped according to monthly family income, Group A ： Only one pterygium case was observed in this group included 150 persons whose income was more than lO thousand yuan per month, and the prevalence rate was 0.6% ; Group B：5 pterygium cases were checked out in this group consisted of 378 persons whose income ranged from 5000 to 10000 yuan per month, and the prevalence rate was 2.12% ; Group C ：52 pterygium cases were observed in this group comprised of 1106 persons whose income was lower than 5 thousand yuan per month, and the prevalence rate was 4.70% , significant difference could be seen when comparing Group A with Group C, Group B with Group C, respectively, however, no significant difference between Group A and B. （XAB^2 = 0. 59 ,PAB 〉 0. 05 ;XBC^2 = 3.91, PBC 〈 0. 05;x^2AC = 4. 1 ,PAc 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions： This study suggests that the prevalence of pterygium correlates to sunshine duration, economic income and trachoma incidence closely, but it shows no relation with the gender.