从地震医疗救援的角度看应急医疗队的作用

The role of emergency medical team in the rescue and relief effort after an earthquake

目的总结应急救援医疗队参加汶川地震救援工作的经验教训。方法对应急救援医疗队的工作作观察性的研究。结果应急救援医疗队参加了地震重灾区北川的伤员转运、临时救治和临时病房的伤员治疗,积累了经验和教训。结论以医疗机构为单位、分工明确的常备应急救援医疗队,在详细灾难医疗救援预案的指导下开展工作,关系到灾难医疗救援工作的成败;应该在现场对伤员进行分类,危重伤员现场抢救,大多数伤员应该在充分补充液体、保证安全的情况下立即疏散至邻近或远离灾区的医院;医疗队可以在灾区附近的医护力量较弱的中小医院组建临时病房,扩大伤员的收治能力。

Objective To summarize the rescue and relief effort of an emergency medical team after Wenchuan earth-quake. Methods The experience of our emergency medical team was described and analyzed. Results Our emergency medical team participated in the transport and temporary treatment of the injured. We also established a temporary ward in a small hospital. Conclusion Emergency medical teams, organized by individual hospitals, goal-directed, and readily deployable, guided by protocols, were critical to the success of rescue and relief effort after a major disaster. The injured should be carefully classified, the critically-ill patients should be treated on the site. The majority of patients should be promptly transported to other hospitals near or far from the earthquake-struck areas, after being adequately fluid-resuscitated and when being accompanied by doctors and nurses. Emergency medical teams also could establish temporary ward in under-staffed small hospitals, then a lot of patients could be timely treated.