单色光对产蛋期蛋鸡脾脏组织结构及脾细胞增殖的影响

Effects of Monochromatic Light on Spleen Histology and Proliferation Response of Splenocyte in Laying Hens of Laying Period

应用组织学和免疫组织化学方法研究了单色光对产蛋期蛋鸡脾脏组织结构及脾细胞增殖的影响。结果显示：在白光条件下饲养的蛋鸡,各周龄脾小体直径间差异不显著（P〉0.05）,37周龄脾动脉周围淋巴鞘面积比29周龄减小13.34%（P〈0.05）。29周龄和37周龄蓝光组脾小体直径比白光组分别极显著增加20.94%和20.27%（P〈0.01）,29周龄和37周龄蓝光组脾动脉周围淋巴鞘面积比红光组分别极显著增加42.01%和36.46%（P〈0.01）。蓝光组29周龄和37周龄脾小体直径均极显著高于20周龄和52周龄脾小体直径（P〈0.01） 蓝光组29周龄脾动脉周围淋巴鞘面积极显著高于其他周龄（P〈0.01）。红光组脾小体直径在20周龄到37周龄期间随着周龄的增加而增加,37周龄到52周龄无显著变化（P〉0.05） 脾动脉周围淋巴鞘面积虽然在37周龄时下降,但在52周龄时有所回升。各光组蛋鸡脾增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）阳性细胞率均随着周龄的增加而极显著下降（P〈0.01）。在蛋鸡29周龄和37周龄时,蓝光组脾细胞增殖程度比白光组分别显著增加11.47%和11.55%（P〈0.05）。试验结果表明：在白光条件下饲养的蛋鸡,其产蛋期脾细胞免疫功能及脾细胞增殖都随着周龄的增加而下降。蓝光在产蛋高峰期（29~35周龄）显著提高了蛋鸡脾细胞免疫功能和脾细胞增殖,而红光在产蛋后期可提高蛋鸡脾细胞免疫功能。

The effects of monochromatic light on spleen histology and proliferation response of splenocyte in laying hens of laying period were investigated by histological and immunohistochem- ical methods. The results showed that under incandescent light, the diameters of spleen node among various age laying hens were no significant difference （P）0.05）, but area of periaterial lymphatic shealth of the 37 weeks laying hens were decreased significantly （P〈0. 05） by 13.34% compared with 29 weeks. Blue light highly significantly （P〈.01） increased the diameter of spleen node by 20.94% and 20.27% compared with white light, at 29 weeks and a7 weeks old. Blue light highly significantly （P 〈 0.01） increased area of periaterial lymphatic shealth by 42.01% and 36.46% compared with red light, at 29 weeks and 37 weeks old. Furthermore, the 29 weeks and 37 weeks laying hens reared under blue light both had longer diameters of spleen node than the 20 weeks and 52 weeks laying hens reared under blue light, area of periaterial lym- phatic shealth of the 29 weeks laying hens were the biggest in all groups under blue light. The diameter of spleen node of the red light group were increased with age from 20 weeks to 37 weeks; area of periaterial lymphatic shealth decreased at 37 weeks old, but rebounded at 52 weeks old. The percentages of proliferating cell nuclear antigen （ PCNA ） immunopositive cells accounting for the total spleen cells of all light groups decreased highly significantly （P〈0.01） with age. Compared with white light, blue light significantly （P〈.05） increased the percentages of PC- NA immunopositive cells accounting for spleen cells by 11.47% and 11.55%, respectively, at both 29 and 37 weeks old. The results suggested that under incandescent light, the splenocyte immune function and splenocyte proliferation of laying hens in laying period decreased with age. The blue light increased laying hens splenocyte immune function and splenocyte proliferation at peak period （29 weeks--35 weeks）, while splenocyte immune function would be enhanced in laying hens reared under red light in latter stage of hens laying period.