国内外企业安全培训调查及模式的探讨

Investigation on the Safety Training of Enterprises at Home and Abroad and Its Modes

分析了国际劳工组织、日本和德国企业"双元制"培训模式的基本要点和我国"系统型"、"过渡型"、"组合型"、"发展型"、"顾问型"、"索罗门型"和"螺旋型"企业培训模式的基本要点;以国内大型、中型和小型企业为对象,对2007年和2008年的调查数据进行统计分析,根据"企业"与"个人"对安全培训的响应,揭示了不同企业当前的安全培训现状。结果表明:企业安全培训在借鉴国外先进经验的基础上,逐步趋于规模化、规范化,形成了安全知识结构、安全综合能力、安全管理技能、事故应急救援等方面的复合培训模式;实现了高层次管理人员对安全培训的认同达95%以上,员工对安全培训的认同达89%以上;使员工的安全意识、安全价值观、工作态度和工作技能得以提升,其在工作岗位上的表现达到安全要求,并为企业创造更多的效益。同时笔者还对当前我国企业安全培训工作存在的问题提出了改进意见,对今后各类企业安全培训具有参考价值和借鉴作用。

The basic points about the training mode ＂dual system＂ in Japan, German and International Labor Organization and the ones about the training modes of ＂system-type＂, ＂transition-type＂, ＂combination-type＂, ＂development-type＂ ＇, ＂ consultant-type＂, ＂Solomon-type＂ and ＂spiral-type＂ in China were discussed. With the large, medium and small enterprises at home as the investigation targets, the situation about the safety training in different companies in the past 2007 and 2008 year was statistically analyzed. It shows that the safety training gradually tends to scale and standardization, forms a composite training mode involving in safety knowledge structure, safety integration capability, safety management skill and accident emergency rescue etc. , and achieves a high recognition above 95% by management personnel and above 89% by staff to the safety training. The staff＇s safety awareness, safety value, work attitude and job skills are improved and their performance meets the safety requirements. Finally, some problems about safety training and countermeasures were brought forward.