安全认识与行为关系研究

Research on relationship between safety climate and behaviour

旨在分析个人安全认识与其具体行为表现的关系.试验时雇佣行为观察员对样本员工工作期间的行为连续观测和记录,用安全行为指数S(Isafetyindex)反映观察结果;采用所设计的安全认识测量量表SCSS(safety climate survey scale)调查样本员工的安全认识,用个人安全认识指数GSCI(General Safety Climate Index)反映调查结果.通过在某矿山企业135个样本的安全认识调查和行为观察试验,结果表明:个人的安全认识与行为在不同阶段有不同程度的联系,当安全认识较低,通过提高安全认识可明显改善其行为,但对安全文化建设已经较好的企业,建议考虑更直接的行为纠正方法来预防员工的不安全行为.研究也发现安全认识与安全行为的联系并不是直接的决定关系,两者之间还存在工作压力、安全知识等中间因素,但中间因素的构成与作用尚需进一步研究明确.

This article aims at the analysis of the relationship between individual safety recognition and specific behavior. In doing this experiment, behavior observers are hired to keep observing and recording sample staffs＇ behavior during their work. Observations are reflected in the form of safety index （SI）. Safety Climate Survey Scale （SCSS） is adopted to survey sample staffs＇ safety recognition. And General Safety Climate Index （GSCI） is used to reflect the results. The safety recognition survey and behavior observing trial are carried out on the basis of 135 samples in a certain coal mining. The relevance degree between individual safety recognition and behavior differs in different stages. To those with lower safety recognition, behavior can become safer distinctly by improving their safety recognition. But for the enterprises with excellent safety climate, the behavior rectification, a much director way, is suggested to apply in preventing staffs＇ unsafe behavior. Research also shows that safe behavior is not directly causally determined by safety recognition. Working pressure, safety knowledge and such factors play a certain role. But the elements and function of these factors need further investigation. 2figs., 3tabs., 16rafs.