沈阳市降水对水资源的影响及对策

Effects of precipitation on water resources and its countermeasures in Shenyang,China

在分析沈阳近百年特别是近50 a降水变化规律的基础上,研究了沈阳市降水对水资源的影响。结果表明:沈阳市降水量变化决定水资源变化,自1956年以来水资源总量呈减少趋势,且随着年降水量的变化而变化;地下水变化平缓;地表水资源变化速度比降水变化速度快。同时降水量对辽、浑河的自然径流量影响显著,年际变化剧烈;近10 a沈阳降水量呈减少趋势,将加剧沈阳水资源短缺的矛盾。在对气候进行预估的基础上对水资源的发展趋势进行了预估。

Based on the precipitation variation during the recent hundred years in Shenyang, especially in the last five decades, the effects of precipitation on water resources were analyzed. The results show that the change of water resources is influenced by precipitation. Water resources gross decreases since 1956, and it changes with precipitation. The groundwater resources change gently. The change speed of the surface water resources is larger than that of precipitation. At the same time, the effects of precipitation on natural runoff in both Liaohe River and Hunhe River are obvious, whose inter-annual changes are strong. Precipitation decreases during recent decade in Shenyang, which will intensify the shortage of water resources. Finally, the trend of water resources is predicted based on the climatic prediction.