扩大的国家免疫规划培训效果评估

Evaluation on Effectiveness of Training for The National Expanded Program on Immunization

目的评估8期扩大的国家免疫规划培训的效果。方法随机抽取384名学员,进行培训前、后免疫规划知识的测试和对培训的教学环境、教材内容、教师满意度的问卷调查。结果384名学员培训后免疫规划知识知晓率比培训前有显著的提高。<60分的学员比例从培训前的41.6%下降到培训后的1.8%,≥60分的从培训前的58.4%上升到98.2%(x2=179.12,P=0.00)。384名学员培训前、后免疫规划知识的平均正确率分别为60%和83%(x2=51.32,P=0.00)。影响培训效果的多因素分析结果显示,年龄、工作年限、民族、性别、文化程度对培训效果均有影响。工作单位的级别和培训片区对培训效果的影响无显著的统计学意义。78%的学员认为教材的编写具有科学性、易理解或能理解;81%认为教学条件能够接受;80%对教师的授课技巧非常满意或满意。学员建议培训时间和频次应增加,培训内容应结合实际案例。结论扩大的国家免疫规划需要加强对各级人员的培训,以提高预防接种服务的能力。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of training for the national expanded program on immunization. Methods 384 trainees were selected random. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to the trainees before and after training. A satisfactory survey was conducted by questionnaire after training. Results The knowledge level increased obviously after training. 〈60 score decreased from 41.7% to 1.8%, ≥60 score increased from 58.4% to 98.2% （ x^2=179.12, P = 0.00）. Total 384 trainees, the average correct rate of knowledge before and after training were 60% and 83% respectively. The age, working year, ethnic, gender and education level were factors influencing the effectiveness of training. Working unit and training location had no significant statistic difference. 78% trainees thought that the training materials were easy understand, 81% and 80% trainees were satisfied with training logistic and training skill respectively. It was suggested that training time should be longer; the training contents should base on the real case; and frequency of training should be increased in the future. Conclusion National expanded immunization program should strengthen training to the staff so as to improve the immunization service ability.