中国沿海外商直接投资外移趋势分析

An Analysis on the Outward Movement of Foreign Direct Investments in China’s Coastal Regions

受外商投资区位优势加速变迁,国际经济环境剧烈变动,尤其是全球金融危机冲击实体经济,各国对国际直接投资(FDI)的争夺日趋激烈等因素影响,中国沿海地区劳动密集型制造业的FDI大量外移。减少FDI向国外转移,促进其向内地转移,既有利于沿海发达地区经济结构升级,又有利于推动内地经济发展和对外开放,加快中国工业化进程,增加国内就业机会。促进沿海劳动密集型制造业的FDI内移,必须正视中国二元经济结构的现实,避免工业化进程中好高骛远,选择内地区域中心,形成产业集群效应,拓展产业链条,降低外商投资内地的综合成本。

Foreign Direct Investments （FDI） in the labor-intensive manufacturing sector have been moving out of China＇s coastal regions recently. This has been brought about by rapid changes to the geographical comparative advantages of other economies, seismic changes to the international economic environment-in particular the global economic crisis hitting on economic entities-as well as intensifying competition over FDI across the globe, among other reasons. Stopping the avalanche of FDI moving overseas, and channeling their movement to the interior heartlands are immediate policy priorities for China at the moment. Not only will this policy help the more developed coastal regions upgrade their economic structure, it will also help China＇s less-developed provinces, accelerate China＇s overall industrialization process, and create job opportunities in China＇s inland. This policy will need to take into account the realities of China＇s current economic structure. Key areas to note include creating economics of scale via careful choices of interior centers, developing chains of productions, and lowering the costs for foreign investors moving inland. Unrealistic industrialization policies should be avoided at all costs.