我军炮兵部队膳食调查与评价

Dietary survey and evaluation in artillery troops of PLA

目的：调查、评价我军炮兵部队膳食情况。方法：选择南京、北京、沈阳、广州四军区炮兵部队伙食单位作为调查对象,采用称重法进行为期5 d的膳食调查,同时采用军人食物定量、军人营养素供给量标准和膳食平衡指数法评价膳食结构存在的问题。结果：调查单位膳食结构不尽合理,谷类、豆类及其制品、蔬菜、水产品等摄入不足较普遍;猪肉、食用油的消费较高;奶类、蛋类、牛羊肉等摄入量则参差不齐。人均能量和大部分营养素摄入量基本达到军人营养素供给量规定水平;脂肪产能过高,达到34%-46%;钙摄入不足较突出;维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2缺乏比较普遍。结论：我军膳食结构存在一定问题,应用膳食平衡指数评价军人膳食结构简便易行,但需要针对部队实际情况进行完善。

Objective： To investigate and evaluate the dietary status of PLA artillery troops. Methods：The dietary status of artillery troops in Nanjing, Beijing, Shenyang and Guangzhou Military Regions was investigated by J-day weighting method. The dietary ration for soldiers, their daily dietary allowance and dietary balance index were used to evaluate their dietary patterns and nutrient intake. Results： The major problems with the nutrition of the soldiers were inadequate or excessive intake of some foods. The intake of cereal, soybean, vegetables, fish and shrimp was inadequate while that of pork and cooking oils was excessive. The intake of milk, eggs, beef or lamb were either too high or too low. The average daily intake of energy and most nutrients was enough. Too ranch energy came from fat（ accounted for 34%-46% ）. The average intake of calcium, vitamins A, B1 and B2 was insufficient. The problems with the dietary pattern could be assessed by the dietary balance index to some extent. Conclusion ：The dietary patterns of the soldiers are not perfect. The dietary balance index can be used to evaluate the overall dietary pattern of the soldiers easily, but should be improved according to the dietary conditions of the soldiers.