预防干预对舟桥部队军事训练人员皮肤病的防治效果分析

Analysis of the effects of prevention and intervention on outbreak of dermatosis in boat bridge engineering corps during military training

目的探讨降低舟桥部队指战员军事训练期间皮肤病患病率的预防干预措施。方法对军训人员进行健康教育(包括常见皮肤病知识讲座及相关问卷调查等),同时在军训期间采取试用防蚊虫床单、试穿汉麻鞋袜等综合性干预措施,至军训结束后判定皮肤病的防治效果。结果健康教育讲座后问卷调查及格率较讲座前明显提高(P<0.01)。发放防蚊虫床单303件,回收288件,回收率95%。统计使用3、6、10d时的防蚊虫咬效果,官兵基本满意率分别为82.3%、68.1%、62.9%,防蚊虫床单舒适度基本满意率分别为92.7%、88.8%、86.4%。在未用药的情况下,试穿汉麻鞋袜的42例足癣患者中1例痊愈,22例改善,19例无变化。结论新型防蚊虫床单有一定的防蚊作用,汉麻鞋袜对于防治足癣也有一定的效果,适合在部队野外训练时使用。在部队中广泛开展健康教育等综合性预防干预措施可以降低军事训练人员皮肤病的患病率。

Objective To explore the effects of comprehensive interventional measures employed to decrease the incidence of skin diseases in boat bridge engineering corps during military training. Methods A comprehensive prevention and intervention program was carfled out among officers and soldiers of a engineering corps. The specific contents included： （1） participants were surveyed by questionnaire before and after a health education course about common skin diseases. （2） Anti-mosquito sheet and china-hemp footwear were delivered to servicemen, and their preventive effects were evaluated respectively after the end of the military training. （3） Training program and diet were arranged reasonably according to practical situations. Results The passing rate before and after the lecture showed marked difference by χ^2 test （P〈0. 01）. The sheets were delivered to 303 people and retrieved a total of 288 with response of 87%. Anti-mosquito function was evaluated by satisfaction rates, which were 82%, 68% and 63%, respectively, for 3 days, 6 clays and 10 days. The satisfaction rates for its comfort degree were 93%, 89% and 86%, respectively. Forty-two soldiers, who wore china-hemp footwear but without any medical treatment, suffered from tinea pedis, of whom one was cured, 22 were improved and 19 remained unchanged. Conclusions Health education should be considered as the primary means of prevention and should be conducted widely in the army. The new type of sheet proves in a certain degree of anti-mosquito function in the field training. The china-hemp footwear is proved effective in the treatment of tinea pedis. Comprehensive interventional measures are efficacious in control of dermatosis in military training.