黄河三角洲入海口地区近地表地层特征与沉积模式

Stratigraphic characteristics and sedimentary models of near-surface formations in the estuary area of the Yellow River Delta

以黄河三角洲入海口地区为研究对象,采用岩性取心和静力触探等方法,对入海口地区黄河三角洲浅层沉积特征进行了分析。沉积相带主要以河道、决口扇、泛滥平原、潮坪为主,垂向序列类型主要为河口砂席-三角洲侧缘型和河口砂席-三角洲侧缘-砂席型两种。其中,入海口地区东北方向垂向序列主要以河口砂席-三角洲侧缘型为主;在西北方向,以河口砂席-三角洲侧缘-砂席型为为主。由此,提出了黄河三角洲发育的沉积模式。该认识不仅为本地区高密度地震采集提供了定量的表层地球物理参数,而且为层序地层学研究提供了一个实例。

This paper focused on the estuary area of the Yellow River Delta,applied the methods of lithology coring and cone penetration testing and analyzed the sedimentary characteristics of the shallow strata of the delta. The sedimentary facies tracts mainly include river channel, crevasse splay, floodplain and tide flat. There are mainly two vertical sequence types ：the estuary sand sheet-lateral margin of delta and the estuary sand sheet-lateral margin of delta-sand sheet, of which the former is predominant in the northern part of the estuary area, while the latter is predominant in the northwestern part. Based on these facts, we have proposed the sedimentary model for the development of the Yellow River Delta. This model not only offers quantitative surface geophysical parameters for high-density seismic acquisition, but also provides an example for the study of sequence stratigraphy.