软质聚氯乙烯的阻燃抑烟性能研究

Study on the Flame-Retardance and Smoke Suppression Properties of Flexible PVC

分别考察磷酸二苯异辛酯(EHDP)、漂珠(CFA)、钢渣粉(SSP)、氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁对PVC材料阻燃抑烟性能的影响,并用热重分析法研究其对PVC材料热降解过程的影响。结果表明:EHDP、CFA、SSP、Al(OH)3、Mg(OH)2均能提高软质PVC的阻燃性能,均能促使PVC提前或加速脱去HCl,提高PVC材料的最终残碳量。其中,EHDP由于自身分子中C/H比高而使得其增塑体系发烟量大,CFA由于比SSP的成碳结构更稳定而显示出较好的阻燃抑烟效果,Al(OH)3由于脱水吸热失重情况与PVC脱HCl的失重情况接近一致而比Mg(OH)2的阻燃效果要好。

The effects of diphenyl-2-ethylhexyl phosphate（EHDP）, cenosphere fly ash（CFA）, steel slag powder（SSP）, Al（OH）3 and Mg（OH）2 on the flame-retardance and smoke suppression properties of flexible PVC material are respectively disscussed. The thermal degradation of treated PVC are studied by thermogravimetry. The results show： EHDP, CFA, SSP, AI（OH）3 and Mg（OH）2can improve flame-retardance of PVC material, promote PVC to release HCl earlier or faster, and increase the final char yield. EHDP makes PVC material a maximimum smoke amount due to its low C/H ratio. CFA shows better flame-retardance and smoke suppression because its carbon structure is more stable than SSP. The flame- retardant effect of AI（OH）3 is better than that of Mg（OH）2, because the weight loss situation of AI（OH）3 aroused by its dehydration and heat absorption is close to that of PVC releasing HCl.