湖北省土源性线虫感染情况抽样调查结果分析

Investigation on the infection status of geohelminthes in 10 counties(cities) of Hubei Province

目的了解湖北省土源性线虫感染情况及分布特点,为土源性线虫病的防治工作提供科学依据。方法按照全国统一方案,采用分层整群抽样法抽取10个县(市)30个调查点,每个点调查人数≥500人。采用改良加藤厚涂片法检查土源性线虫卵,试管滤纸培养法鉴定钩虫虫种,透明胶纸肛拭法检查12岁以下儿童蛲虫卵。结果共调查15524人,土源性线虫感染4761人,总感染率为30.67%。其中蛔虫、鞭虫、钩虫和蛲虫感染率分别为26.86%、7.38%、2.89%和2.67%。不同县(市)感染率差异显著(P<0.01),三类地区(41.60%)高于一类地区和二类地区(19.03%和33.33%);女性感染率(31.75%)高于男性(29.67%);总感染率和鞭虫感染率5～9岁年龄组最高,钩虫感染率45～69岁年龄组最高,蛔虫感染率50～54岁年龄组最高。结论湖北省农村居民中土源性线虫的感染率仍相当高。除了加强寄生虫病防治知识宣教外,还应采取定期或不定期的重点人群集体驱虫治疗等综合性防治措施。

Objective To understand the infection status and distribution characteristics of geohelminthes in Hubei Province so as to provide scientific basis and improve preventive strategies. Methods According to the national unified plan,with stratified cluster sampling method,30 spots in 10 counties （cities） were investigated and 500 people were examined in each spot. Geohelminthes ova was examined by Kato-Katz thick-smear method; hookworm species were identified by tube filter paper culture method; oxyurid ova were examined for children under 12 by cellophane anal swab. Results A total of 15 524 people were investigated, among which,4 761 were infected with geohelminthes,the infection rate was 30. 67%. The infection rate of roundworm, whipworm,hookworm and oxyurid was 26. 86% ,7.38% ,2. 89% and 2.67% respectively. There was significant difference of infection rate between different counties. The third class areas （41.60%） was the highest, higher than the second class areas （33. 33% ） and the second class higher than that of the first class areas （19.03%）, which was the lowest; the infection rate for female （31.75%） was higher than that of male（29.67% ） ;the general infection rate and whipworm infection rate were the highest in the 5 -9 age group, the highest infection rate of hookworm and roundworm was in the 45 - 69 age group and 50 - 54 age group respectively.Conclusion The infection rate of soil-transmitted nematodes among the country dwellers in our province was still high. In the future, comprehensive measures of prevention and treatment should be performed. Health education should be promoted and prevention and treatment such as regular helminthicide treatment should be carried out regularly, especially for the vulnerable groups to lower the infection rate.