2008年度降氟除氟技术措施推广应用示范研究效果评价

Evaluation on the defluorination technique and its popularization in the pilot area in 2008

目的了解课题6个示范村降氟除氟技术措施实施效果,为降氟除氟技术措施的推广应用提供科学依据。方法抽查6个示范村,检查8～12岁儿童氟斑牙、成人氟骨症病情,检测空气氟和尿氟,测试居民和儿童地氟病防治知识知晓情况。结果6个示范村炉灶改造率为96.76%。炉改造合格率为94.7%,炉正确使用率为95.7%;灶改造合格率为95.0%,灶正确使用率为96.0%。儿童氟斑牙检出率为58.65%,缺损率为3.52%,氟斑牙指数为0.97;成人氟骨症无变化。居民与学生地氟病防治知识知晓率分别为99.44%与93.67%。空气氟旺火期均数为0.0041mg/m3,封火期均数为0.0036mg/m3。检测尿氟302份,几何均数为0.75mg/L,中位数为0.69mg/L。结论在课题实施2年后,示范村炉灶落实率、炉灶合格率、炉灶正确使用率保持较高水平,降氟除氟技术措施实施达到预期效果。

Objective To understand the implementation of reduce fluoride and defluorination in the six sampled model villages. Methods The quality of technical facilities to reduce fluoride and defluorination in the six model villages was checked. Dental fluorosis for children aged 8-12 inspection was examined. Skeletal fluorosis in adult was examined, air fluoride and urinary fluoride were detected, the understanding about the knowledge on the control and treatment of the residents were asked. Results The implementation rate of the stove-reform was 96. 76%. The qualified rate of the furnace was 94. 7% ,the correct utilization rate of furnace was 95.7%. The qualified rate of the kitchen was 95.0% ,the correct utilization rate of stove ,96.0%. Children~ dental fluorosis rate was 58. 65% , the rate of defects was 3.52% , and the dental fluorosis index was 0. 97. Adult skeletal fluorosis remained unchanged. The knowledge and awareness of fluoride in residents including students were 99. 44% ,93.67% respectively. Air fluoride in full-flame period was 0. 0041 mg/m^3 , in flame-out period,0.0036 mg/m^3. 302 samples of urine fluoride were tested, the median was 0.75 mg/L. Conclusion The two-year observation showed that the implementation was effective. The model village stove, stove qualified rate, the correct usage of stove maintained a high level. The defluoridation technique was effective.