学习环境研究取向的考察与探析:来自文化哲学视角

Analysis on the Orientation of Learning Environment Research:A Perspective of Cultural Philosophy

当前学习环境研究主要有四种不同取向,即聚焦于"个体外部或内部"的心理学取向、聚焦于"实践共同体"的人类学取向、聚焦于"个体发展与环境关系"的生态学取向和聚焦于"技术与工具"的科技哲学取向。这四种取向都揭示了学习环境的基本内涵,但是由于缺乏明确的"文化"意识,缺乏人与文化同一的思维,没有深入到教育情境中人的学习与环境的同一性层面,没能揭示和把握住环境与人的学习之间的内在关系。学习环境研究应确立"整合"的理念,开辟新的研究取向——文化哲学取向。

At present, there are four main orientations towards learning environment, which are psychological orientation focusing on individual external or internal factors, anthropological orientation focusing on practice community, ecological orientation focusing on the relation between individual development and environment, science philosophic orientation focusing on technology and tool. These four orientations reveal the connotation of environment. However, they are short of cultural consciousness, that is, the integration of individual and culture. They ignore the essential relation between individual learning and environment in education context. Therefore, we should develop new idea of integration, and propose a new research orientation, that is cultural philosophy orientation, towards learning environment.