印楝果实成熟期调查及不同采收期印楝素含量的变化

Investigation of Fruit Maturity Stage of Azadirachta indica Juss. and the Change of Fruit Azadirachtin Content at Different Harvest Time

印楝果实的成熟期较长,不同成熟期所采样品的百粒重、印楝素含量和印楝素产量也不相同,调查和实验结果显示:印楝果实的成熟期集中在7月初至9月中旬期间;早期样品的百粒重低而印楝素含量高,后期样品百粒重高而印楝素含量低,成熟率约30%时百粒重和印楝素含量基本稳定,印楝素产量在果实成熟后基本稳定;同一时期采摘的样品中,绿色果皮的样品印楝素含量和产量均高于黄色果皮的样品。

Neem fruit （Azodirachta indica Juss.） have a long maturity time. Fruit samples collected at different maturity stages varied in 100-seed weight, azdirachtin content and azadirachtin output. Neem fruit mature during the period from early July to mid September. The samples collected at the early maturity stage had lower 100-seed weight and higher azadirachtin content but vice versa at the late maturity stage. The fruit samples had a stable 100-seed weight and stable azadirachtin content when about 30% of the fruit was mature. Azdirachtin output was stable when the fruit matured. At the same harvest time, fruit samples with green skin contained higher azadirachtin and had higher azadirachtin output than those with yellow skin.