秦及汉初家庭结构研究

On Family Composition of Qin Dynasty and Early Han Dynasty

由于史料稀缺的原因,学术界对秦及汉初家庭结构的研究比较薄弱。通过对两次商鞅变法进行研究发现,商鞅变法的分异之策已使秦国的主要家庭结构成为小家庭,同时直接影响到了秦朝的家庭结构,这一点也得到了睡虎地秦墓竹简的印证。秦朝的家庭结构在汉初得到了承继。对张家山汉墓竹简二年律令及相关材料的研究发现,汉初庶民家庭结构均以两代人组成的夫妻子型家庭为主流,同居共财的大家族很少。

Few study for the family composition of Han dynasty can be found because quite a few matierial exists. To study the composition of Early Han dynasty, I firstly inspect the Reforms of Shang Yang. And then find that Shang Yang＇s policies make the composition of Qin and Qin dynasty became nuclear family,which is proved by Shuihudi bamboo slips. For the influence of the composition of Qin dynasty, the family of Early Han dynasty was mainly composed by husband, wife and son, which is proved by Zhangjiashan bamboo slips, and the clan with joint property who live in one building is few.