中山市小榄镇儿童乙肝疫苗免疫效果评价

The Effect on Children's Evaluation of Hepatitis B Vaccine in Zhongshan city

目的评价中山市小榄镇8月龄～7岁儿童接种乙肝疫苗的保护效果和免疫持久性,为传染性乙型肝炎的防治工作提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,抽取2008年1月1日-6月30日在小榄人民医院检测乙肝"二对半"且已完成乙肝疫苗基础免疫的8月龄～7岁儿童作为研究对象,用SPSS 13.0进行统计分析。结果乙肝疫苗接种免疫成功率为92.00%,8月龄～7岁免疫儿童HBsAb阳性率为67.78%,且阳性率随年龄增长呈下降趋势,不同年龄、性别之间无差异性;8月龄～7岁免疫儿童HBsAg阳性率为0.43%;乙肝疫苗是否及时接种HBsAg阳性率无统计学差异;31.70%的免疫儿童乙肝"二对半"5项标志物均为阴性,且随年龄的增长有上升趋势。结论中山市小榄镇已完成乙肝疫苗基础免疫的8月龄～7岁儿童HBsAb阳性率明显高于全国自然人群的平均水平,HBsAg阳性率明显低于普通人群的平均水平,达到了在免疫人群中将HBsAg阳性率降到<l%的目标;"二对半"5项标志物均为阴性的比例较高但亦没有受到乙肝病毒的感染,说明接种乙肝疫苗是预防乙肝最安全、最有效、最方便的手段。

Objective To evaluate the effect of hepatitis B vaccine injection in children from 8 - month - old to 7 -year- old in Zhongshan, and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of infectious hepatitis B. Methods U- sing a cluster sampling method, children from 8 - month - old to 7 - year - old which have completed the hepatitis B vaccine basic immunization, and have checked the ＂ two pairs of semi - ＂ in Xiaolan renmin hospital between January 1, 2008 and June 30, 2008 were chosen. The research is using SPSS 13.0 for statistical analysis. Results The rate of hepati- tis B vaccine successful injection is 92. 00%. The positive rate of HBsAb in 8 - month - old to 7 - year - old children is 67. 78%, and it declines when the age increases. Statistical results show that there is no difference between different age groups and different sex groups. The positive rate of HBsAg is 0. 43%. There is no significant difference between the hepatitis B vaccine injection timely or not. There is 31.70% of the children that the five markers of ＂ two pairs of semi - ＂ are negative, and with the age there is an upward trend. Conclusion The positive rate of HBsAb in 8 - month - old to 7 - year - old children which have completed the hepatitis B vaccine basic immunization in Zhongshan Xiaolan, is significantly high- er than the national average level of natural populations. The positive rate of HBsAg is significantly lower than the average level of the general population. It achieve the aim that the rate must be reduced to 〈 1% in the immune population. The proportion accounted for five markers of ＂ two pairs of semi - ＂ are negative is high, but the children had not been infcctted by hepatitis B virus. It shows that infection on hepatitis B vaccination is the most effective, the most convenient way.