先秦用诗与儒家诗论

The Use of Book of Songs in Pre-Qin Period and Confucian Poetics

先秦时期,《诗经》在使用时已有实用主义的倾向,在朝聘会盟等场合中赋诗言志成为一项约定俗成的制度化的礼仪活动,引诗赋诗成为当时各国文化交往和外交活动的基本方式。儒家的起源与政治有密不可分的关系,与此相应,儒家诗论从开端也就明显地偏重于政教。从"诗言志"的角度对《诗经》在先秦儒家学派传授解释中的发展和演变进行考察可以发现,儒家诗论从春秋到战国,对政教的强调呈现出逐渐加强的趋势,深刻影响了中国后来的诗学理论。

Ever since its emergence, Confucianism formed inseparable relationships with politics. The use of Book of Songs had the obvious tendency of pragmatism in Pre-Qin period. Therefore, the emphasis on political and educational functions is very clear in Confucian poetics. From the perspective that ＂poetry expresses one＇s will,＂ we can conclude that from Chunqiu Period to Warring States Period, the emphasis on political and educational functions had been gradually strengthened in Confucian poetics.